What Is SLU-PP-332?
SLU-PP-332 is a synthetic small-molecule pan-agonist of the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) subfamily — specifically ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ. These orphan nuclear receptors serve as master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, and are the transcription factors that ultimately drive the aerobic capacity adaptations associated with endurance training.
Quick Reference
Member reference tables summarize the compound's research parameters.
Why ERR Receptors Are an Exercise Target
Exercise induces mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic reprogramming through a cascade that eventually activates PGC-1α, which co-activates ERR receptors to transcribe hundreds of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, fatty acid oxidation enzymes, and oxidative phosphorylation components. By directly activating ERR receptors, SLU-PP-332 bypasses the upstream exercise-induced signals and directly engages the downstream transcriptional machinery.
Preclinical Research Data
In mouse studies, SLU-PP-332 treatment for 4 weeks produced more than 70% improvement in treadmill running endurance, increased mitochondrial density in skeletal muscle, upregulated fatty acid oxidation gene expression, and reduced body fat. A separate research line showed that SLU-PP-332 significantly improved cardiac function and survival in a mouse model of heart failure — a finding with potential implications for cardiac rehabilitation.
Comparison with AICAR and Cardarine
SLU-PP-332 works through a distinct mechanism from both AICAR (AMPK activation) and Cardarine (PPARδ activation). Researchers exploring the full exercise-mimetic pathway are studying combinations targeting all three systems for potentially additive effects.
Research Indications
Research Protocols
As reported in cited literature and research-community logs (see Research Citations below), not a personal dosing recommendation.
This member section describes parameters reported in the research literature.
Peptide Interactions
This member section summarizes reported compound interactions and evidence limitations.
Reported Research Time Points
This member section summarizes reported research time points.
Safety Notes
Included for harm-reduction awareness only, in the event this compound is encountered outside its labeled research use. Inclusion here does not imply RUO Codes endorses, recommends, or instructs human use.
This member section discusses research safety considerations and uncertainties.
Quality Indicators
Research Citations
- A Synthetic ERR Agonist Alleviates Metabolic Syndrome - 2024
Diet-induced obese mice | 50 mg/kg IP twice daily | 28 days | Comprehensive metabolic assessment - Estrogen-Related Receptor Agonism Reverses Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging Kidney - 2023
21-month-old mice (equivalent to ~60-70 human years) | 8-week treatment | Comprehensive kidney function analysis - Synthetic ERRα/β/γ Agonist Induces Acute Aerobic Exercise Response - 2023
Multiple mouse models | 50 mg/kg IP | Running performance and muscle fiber analysis - Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Metabolic Remodeling Study - 2023
Skeletal muscle analysis | Multiple time points | Gene expression and mitochondrial function - Cardiac Protective Effects of Pan-ERR Agonists - 2021
Heart failure models | 6-week treatment | Cardiac function and structural analysis - Safety and Toxicology Profiling - Ongoing
Multiple species (rodents, canines) | Various doses and durations | Comprehensive toxicology